3. Student Learning Map

  • Topic:Forces, Motion, and Work
  • Subject(s):Science
  • Days:20
  • Grade(s):7
Key Learning: A relationship exists between energy and work.
Unit Essential Question(s):
 
 
How can forces combine, become unbalanced and balanced; work on contact and at a distance?
   
Concept: Waves
SC.C.1.3.2.3   SC.C.1.3.2.2   SC.A.2.3.1.2   SC.C.2.3.3.1  
Concept: Types of Forces
SC.C.2.3.7.1   SC.C.2.3.1.3   SC.C.1.3.1.1   SC.C.2.3.1.1  
Concept: Newtons Laws of Motion
SC.C.2.3.3.1   SC.C.2.3.7.1   SC.C.1.3.1.1   SC.C.2.3.1.1   SC.C.2.3.4.1  
Lesson Essential Question(s):

How are frequency and wavelength related? (A)
What factors alter acceleration? (A)
What are waves and how are they affected by forces? (A)
Lesson Essential Question(s):

How are balanced and unbalanced forces created?

 (ET)
What is the difference between a contact and distance force? (A)
Lesson Essential Question(s):

How are Newton's laws of motion similar? How are they different?

 (ET)
Vocabulary:

*wave, wavelength, amplitude, crest, trough, frequency

Vocabulary:

force, net force, inertia, balanced force, unbalanced force, gravity, electrical force, magnetic force, buoyant force, motion, work, power, contact forces friction, tension, buoancy, distance forces gravity, magnetic, electric, Newton, Joule, Watt

Vocabulary:

Newton's 1st law of motion, Newton's 2nd law of motion, Newton's 3rd law of motion, levers, simple machines screw, inclined plane, pulley, wedge, wheel and axle, compound machine, mechanical advantage, mechanical efficiency

Additional Information:

Refer to Chapter 22. *Must refer to supplemental information resources for "Waves" concept (Internet; Chapter 5 in Glencoe Science Voyages, etc). textbook, demonstrations, worksheets, video, multimedia presentations

Resources:

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Acquisition Lesson:

Extending Thinking Lesson:

Vocabulary Report

  • *wave -

    the movement of energy through matter of space

  • Newton's 1st law of motion -

    a scientific law that says: An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion at constant speed and in a straight line unless acted on by an unbalanced force

  • force -

    a quality that tends to produce movement or acceleration of a body in the direction of its application; a push or pull (FCAT)

  • wavelength -

    the distance between crests of a wave (FCAT)

  • Newton's 2nd law of motion -

    a scientific law that says: The acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the force applied. Expressed mathematically, Newton's second law is stated: Force= mass X acceleration, or force= m x a

  • net force -

    the overall force acting on an object

  • Newton's 3rd law of motion -

    a scientific law that says: When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first

  • inertia -

    the property of an object, due to its mass, by which it resists any change in its position unless overcome by force (FCAT)

  • amplitude -

    in any periodic function <e.g., a wave> the maximum absolute variation of the function (FCAT)

  • balanced force -

    when a net force is 0 Newtons

  • levers -

    a type of simple machine; consists of a rigid bar that pivots about a fulcrum, used to transmit and enhance power or motion (FCAT)

  • crest -

    the peak or highest point on a wave (FCAT)

  • simple machines screw -

    a types of simple machine that consists of an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder (FCAT)

  • trough -

    the lowest point on a wave (FCAT)

  • unbalanced force -

    when the net force on an object is greater than 0 Newtons

  • frequency -

    the number of cycles or waves per unit time (FCAT)

  • gravity -

    the observed effect of the force of gravitation (FCAT)

  • electrical force -

    is the force of attraction or repulsion between charged particles

  • inclined plane -

    a types of simple machine; a slanted surface that makes it easier to move a mass from a lower point to higher point (FCAT)

  • magnetic force -

    force exerted by magnetized objects

  • pulley -

    a types of simple machine; a circular lever, usually a wheel with a groove where a rope can be placed and used to change the direction of a force (FCAT)

  • wedge -

    a type of simple machine that consists of a inclined plane used to separate two objects (FCAT)

  • buoyant force -

    the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a liquid

  • wheel and axle -

    a type of simple machine that consists of a rod driven through the center of a cylinder that is allowed to rotate freely, yielding a mechanical advantage equal to the cylinder's diameteer (FCAT)

  • motion -

    an object's change of position over time

  • work -

    the transfer of energy to an object by using a force that causes the object to move in the direction of the force

  • compound machine -

    combinations of two or more simple machines

  • mechanical advantage -

    a number that tells how many times a machine multiplies force

  • power -

    the rate at which work is done or energy is transformed

  • mechanical efficiency -

    a quantity, usually expressed as a percentage, that measures the ratio of work output to work input in a machine

  • contact forces friction -

    a force that opposes the relative motion of two material surfaces in contact with one another (FCAT)

  • tension -

    when a force pulls against the materials that make up an object

  • buoancy -

    upward force that is exerted on an object, causing the object to float

  • distance forces gravity -

    the force of attraction between objects that is due to the masses of the object

  • magnetic -

    having the property of attracting iron and certain other materials by virtue of surrounding field of force (FCAT)

  • electric -

    a force of attraction or repulsion between charged particles

  • Newton -

    the SI unit of force (N)

  • Joule -

    the unit used to express energy; equivalent to the amount of work done by a force of 1 N acting through a distance of 1 m in the direction of the force (symbol, J)

  • Watt -

    the unit used to express power; equivalent to a joule per second (symbol, W)